peptide-therapeutics
(12)
Albert Luderer
He spent thirty years turning lab science into products doctors actually use. Now he is betting that a synthetic peptide can beat the antibody at its own game.
Tina Boville
Tina Boville is the co-founder and CEO of Aralez Bio, a Berkeley-based biotechnology company using directed evolution to make noncanonical amino acids - the building blocks behind a growing share of modern medicines. A biochemist trained at the University of Colorado and Caltech, where she worked in Nobel laureate Frances Arnold's lab, Boville turned an engineered enzyme platform into a company that can produce over 100 amino acids in single-step reactions, cutting manufacturing waste by up to 99%. She has been named to MIT Technology Review's Innovators Under 35, is an Activate Fellow, and in 2024 raised a $12 million Series A to scale production to tons per year.
Allysta Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Allysta Pharmaceuticals is a private, venture-backed, clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing first-in-class therapeutic peptides that target adiponectin signaling. Its lead compound, ALY688, is described as the first adiponectin receptor agonist to enter human testing, with anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, cell-regenerative and metabolic properties. Allysta is advancing ALY688 as an ophthalmic solution for dry eye disease and as an extended/sustained-release formulation for systemic conditions such as NASH/MASH and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Aralez Bio
Aralez Bio is a Berkeley, California biotechnology company that uses engineered enzymes and directed evolution to manufacture noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) - the specialized building blocks used in peptide drugs and other pharmaceuticals. Spun out of Nobel Laureate Frances Arnold's Caltech lab in 2019, the company runs biocatalytic reactions that produce enantiopure ncAAs in a single step with water as the main byproduct, expanding the amino acid toolbox roughly 1,000-fold. Aralez sells a catalog of thousands of exclusive amino acids and offers custom synthesis and ton-scale production for pharmaceutical customers, including partners among the world's largest drug companies.
Aizen Therapeutics
Aizen Therapeutics is a San Diego, AI-driven biotech spun out of Caltech that designs Mirror Peptides - synthetic drugs built entirely from D-amino acids, the mirror image of the L-amino acids that make up natural proteins. Its DaX platform pairs generative AI with structural biology to design these molecules from scratch, aiming for drugs with the potency of biologics but greater stability, lower immunogenicity, and the potential to be taken orally. The company emerged from stealth in November 2024 with a $13M seed round.
Flashpoint Therapeutics
Flashpoint Therapeutics is a clinical-stage biotech spun out of Chad Mirkin's nanotechnology lab at Northwestern University, developing 'structural nanomedicines' - drugs whose potency comes not from new molecules but from how existing therapeutic components are arranged at the nanoscale. By co-delivering RNA, DNA, peptide and CRISPR payloads to individual cells with precise stoichiometry and synchronized activation, the company reports it can turn conventionally ineffective drug components into curative therapies, with early data showing dramatically stronger immune activation and tumor killing. Founded by Adam Margolin and backed by a $10M seed round led by Riyadh-based Beta Lab plus a $50M KAIMRC partnership, Flashpoint is advancing its lead immuno-oncology candidate FLASH-001 through the clinic.
Insamo
Insamo is a Berkeley-based biotechnology company spun out of UC Berkeley that is building membrane-permeable, orally available macrocyclic peptides with antibody-like binding affinity. By pairing machine-learning-driven molecular design with ultra-high-throughput molecular biology and parallel synthetic chemistry, Insamo runs automated design-synthesize-test cycles that generate trillions of proprietary data points - aiming to turn today's injected biologics into pills and to hit drug targets long considered undruggable. The company launched publicly in February 2024 with a $12M seed round led by Playground Global, venBio, and Merck's MRL Ventures Fund.
Ajay Kshatriya
Ajay Kshatriya is the CEO and co-founder of Aizen Therapeutics, a San Diego biotech that spun out of Caltech to build 'Mirror Peptides' - drugs made entirely of D-amino acids, the mirror image of the proteins nature uses. The company launched from stealth in November 2024 with $13M and a generative-AI platform called DaX. Before Aizen, Ajay founded and ran Biota, an environmental genomics company acquired by Novozymes in 2021 after creating roughly $400M in economic value and saving 1.2 billion gallons of water for industrial clients. A UC Berkeley and Stanford-trained chemical engineer who began his career at Genentech and learned company-building as a seed investor at XSeed Capital, he now also invests in Caltech science startups as a partner at Wilson Hill Ventures.
Protagonist Therapeutics
Protagonist Therapeutics is a Newark, California clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company that turns peptides - short chains of amino acids long dismissed as too fragile to be drugs - into stable, often orally available medicines. Its proprietary peptide discovery and engineering platform powers a pipeline spanning hematology, inflammation/immunology and metabolic disease, anchored by rusfertide (a hepcidin mimetic for polycythemia vera under FDA Priority Review) and icotrokinra, an oral IL-23 receptor blocker partnered with Johnson & Johnson that reached the U.S. market in 2026. Publicly traded on Nasdaq as PTGX, the company pairs internal discovery with high-value pharma partnerships.
Parabilis Medicines
Parabilis Medicines is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company in Cambridge, Massachusetts building stabilized, cell-penetrant alpha-helical peptides - called Helicons - that reach intracellular and 'undruggable' protein targets out of range for traditional small molecules and biologics. Formerly FogPharma, the company's lead candidate zolucatetide (FOG-001) is the first direct inhibitor of the beta-catenin/TCF interaction driving Wnt-pathway cancers, and is heading toward a registrational Phase 3 trial in desmoid tumors. Led by CEO Mathai Mammen and founded on Gregory Verdine's stapled-peptide chemistry, Parabilis has raised more than $860M, signed an up-to-$2.3B collaboration with Regeneron, and filed to go public on Nasdaq under the ticker PBLS.
Mathai Mammen
Mathai Mammen is the Chairman, CEO and President of Parabilis Medicines (formerly FogPharma), a Cambridge biotech going after cancer targets long written off as undruggable. A trained physician-chemist who co-founded Theravance out of grad school and later ran R&D at Merck and Johnson & Johnson, he has had a hand in the discovery or development of roughly 19 approved medicines. At Parabilis he is betting on Helicon peptides - engineered molecules that slip inside cells to hit protein-protein interfaces small molecules and antibodies cannot reach.
Dinesh V. Patel
Dinesh V. Patel, Ph.D. is the President and CEO of Protagonist Therapeutics (NASDAQ: PTGX), a Newark, California-based biopharmaceutical company he has led since December 2008. With over 38 years spanning medicinal chemistry, drug discovery, venture capital co-founding, and three CEO stints, Patel has guided Protagonist from a peptide-platform startup to a company with its first FDA-approved drug - ICOTYDE (icotrokinra), approved March 2026 as the world's first targeted oral peptide for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, partnered with Johnson & Johnson.