cambridge-biotech
(38)
GC Therapeutics Wants to Turn a Four-Day Cell Recipe Into Medicine at Scale
The Harvard spinout says its TFome platform can compress months of stem-cell differentiation into four days. Now it has to prove that programmable cells can survive the far harder journey from an elegant recipe to an approved medicine.
Moderna Designed Its COVID Vaccine in Two Days. The Hard Part Took Ten Years.
The Cambridge biotech turned messenger RNA from a lab curiosity into a platform for printing medicines from genetic code - vaccines, cancer shots, and rare-disease drugs that share one factory and swap out the instructions.
Actithera
Actithera is a radiopharmaceutical biotech developing next-generation radioligand therapies (RLTs) for cancer. Founded in 2021 by medicinal chemist Andreas Goutopoulos and based in Cambridge, Massachusetts and Oslo, Norway, the company uses a proprietary, chemistry-led platform to design covalent small-molecule radioligands that lodge inside tumors, deliver targeted radiation, and clear quickly from healthy tissue. Its isotope-agnostic approach is engineered to match the residence time of a drug in a tumor to the half-life of long-lived radionuclides, with a lead program targeting Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP). Actithera raised an oversubscribed $75.5M Series A in July 2025.
AIRNA
AIRNA is a clinical-stage biotechnology company building RNA-editing medicines that harness ADAR, a naturally occurring human enzyme, to make precise, programmable and non-permanent edits to RNA. Its RESTORE+ platform uses short oligonucleotides to recruit ADAR to a target transcript and swap a single letter, correcting disease-causing variants without altering DNA. AIRNA's lead candidate, AIR-001, targets alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) and has advanced into a Phase 1/2 clinical trial, with a broader pipeline aimed at cardiometabolic and other diseases. The company is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts, with research operations in Tübingen, Germany, and has raised roughly $245 million from investors including ARCH, Forbion and Venrock.
Atavistik Bio
Atavistik Bio is a Cambridge, Massachusetts clinical-stage biotechnology company that discovers precision allosteric small-molecule medicines. Its proprietary AMPS (Atavistik Metabolite-Protein Screening) platform, paired with an AI-enabled discovery engine, uses natural metabolites as bait to reveal hidden allosteric pockets on disease-driving proteins that conventional drug discovery cannot reach. The company is advancing an oral AKT1-selective inhibitor for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) and a JAK2 V617F mutant-selective program for myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs).
Be Biopharma
Be Biopharma (Be Bio) is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotechnology company pioneering a new class of therapies called Engineered B Cell Medicines (BCMs). By precisely gene-editing a patient's own B cells - nature's protein factories that can secrete high volumes of protein for decades - Be Bio aims to deliver durable, potentially re-dosable treatments for hemophilia, rare genetic diseases, and other serious conditions. Founded in 2020 out of Seattle Children's Research Institute and Longwood Fund, the company has raised roughly $356 million and, as of early 2025, advanced to a multi-program clinical-stage company led by CEO Joanne Smith-Farrell, Ph.D.
City Therapeutics
City Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotechnology company engineering the next generation of RNA interference (RNAi) medicines. Founded by pioneers of the RNAi field, including former Alnylam CEO John Maraganore and Nobel-adjacent academic scientists, the company designs novel siRNA trigger molecules and targeting ligands intended to make RNAi drugs more potent, more specific, and able to reach tissues beyond the liver. Launched in October 2024 with a $135M Series A and backed by a further $99.5M Series B in 2026, City is advancing a pipeline led by CITY-FXI for thromboembolic disease and CITY-RBP4 for Stargardt disease, alongside research collaborations with Biogen and Bausch + Lomb.
CREATE Medicines
CREATE Medicines is a Cambridge, Massachusetts clinical-stage biotech building in vivo immune programming - therapies that use an mRNA-lipid nanoparticle platform to turn a patient's own T cells, NK cells, and myeloid cells into chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cells directly inside the body, rather than extracting and re-engineering them in a lab. Formerly Myeloid Therapeutics, the company rebranded in October 2025 as its pipeline expanded beyond myeloid cells and cancer into autoimmune disease and fibrosis. Its repeat-dosable, off-the-shelf approach aims to make CAR therapy cheaper and more scalable than conventional cell therapy, and the company says it has dosed more than 50 patients - among the largest clinical datasets for in vivo CAR to date.
K36 Therapeutics, Inc.
K36 Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts clinical-stage biotech developing first-in-class oral small-molecule inhibitors of NSD2/MMSET, an epigenetic enzyme that drives hard-to-treat cancers. Its lead candidate, gintemetostat (KTX-1001), is in Phase 1 for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma carrying the t(4;14) translocation, and a second program, KTX-2001, targets metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Backed by Atlas Venture, F-Prime Capital, Eight Roads Ventures, Nextech Invest and Bristol Myers Squibb, K36 has raised roughly $100M+ to translate chromatin biology into precision cancer medicines.
Merida Biosciences
Merida Biosciences is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotechnology company developing a new class of engineered Fc biotherapeutics that selectively bind and eliminate the disease-causing antibodies behind autoimmune and allergic diseases, while sparing the protective antibodies the immune system needs. Launched publicly in April 2025 with a $121 million Series A, the company aims to treat conditions such as Graves' disease, IgE-mediated allergy and primary membranous nephropathy by clearing pathogenic antibodies and suppressing the B cells that make them - without the broad immunosuppression that limits many existing therapies.
Pinetree Therapeutics
Pinetree Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotech founded in 2019 that develops antibody-based targeted protein degraders for cancer. Its AbReptor and TAER-TAB platforms use modular bispecific and multispecific antibodies to hijack the body's own lysosomal machinery and eliminate disease-driving membrane-bound and extracellular proteins - including drug-resistant receptor tyrosine kinases that conventional inhibitors cannot reach. Led by founder and CEO Ho-Juhn Song, Ph.D., the preclinical company has raised roughly $111M to date, struck a $500M+ EGFR-degrader option deal with AstraZeneca, and is advancing lead oncology programs toward Phase I.
Plex Research
Plex Research is a Cambridge, Massachusetts company building an AI-powered scientific intelligence platform for drug discovery. Its proprietary focal graph technology stitches billions of minimally processed experimental data points from genomics, proteomics, chemical biology and clinical sources into a queryable biomedical knowledge graph, then pairs it with large language models so scientists get evidence-backed answers in seconds - every result traceable to the underlying experiments. Trusted by 40+ pharma and biotech teams, Plex helps researchers identify and evaluate drug targets, uncover hidden pharmacology, and, through its AutoPlex agent, run autonomous multi-step research campaigns.
Ring Therapeutics
Ring Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotechnology company founded by Flagship Pioneering to build a new class of gene therapy delivery vectors from anelloviruses - the most abundant and diverse family of viruses that naturally and harmlessly live inside the human body. Because these commensal viruses evade the immune system, Ring's AnelloVector platform aims to solve gene therapy's biggest limitations: the inability to re-dose patients, pre-existing immunity, and narrow tissue targeting. Through its Anellogy discovery platform and AnelloBricks in-vitro manufacturing technology, Ring is engineering re-dosable, tissue-specific, scalable vectors intended to carry a wide range of therapeutic payloads.
Foray Bioscience
Foray Bioscience is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotech company growing plants and plant products from single cells. Founded in 2022 by MIT PhD Ashley Beckwith, Foray pairs plant cell culture with AI to make lab-grown plant material predictable across species - unlocking harvest-free wood and materials, rapidly scalable seed supplies, faster crop improvement, and even conservation and de-extinction work. Its Pando software acts like a 'Google Maps for plant growth,' helping researchers navigate the dozens of variables that govern how a plant cell grows.
Tiba Biotech
Tiba Biotech is a Cambridge, Massachusetts preclinical biotech spun out of MIT and the Whitehead Institute that is building a new generation of RNA vaccines and therapeutics. Its RNABL platform swaps the fragile lipid nanoparticles behind first-generation mRNA shots for fully synthetic, biodegradable dendrimer nanoparticles that carry larger RNA payloads with less toxicity and gentler cold-chain demands. The company is applying the technology across human vaccines, cancer immunotherapy, gene editing delivery, and animal health, backed by CEPI, BARDA, the NIH, and the NCI.
Amber Bio
Amber Bio is a biotechnology startup pioneering a new RNA writing platform that performs multi-kilobase edits, aiming to treat thousands of disease-causing mutations with a single product. Founded in 2021 by Jacob Borrajo and Basem Al-Shayeb out of the Broad Institute and UC Berkeley, the company launched in August 2023 with a $26M seed round co-led by Playground Global and Andreessen Horowitz Bio + Health.
Convergent Therapeutics, Inc.
Convergent Therapeutics is a clinical-stage biotechnology company in Cambridge, Massachusetts developing next-generation targeted radiotherapies for cancer. Its lead candidate, CONV01-α, is a PSMA-targeted monoclonal antibody linked to the alpha-emitting radioisotope actinium-225, designed to deliver tumor-killing radiation to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer while sparing healthy tissue. The technology, pioneered in the lab of PSMA-targeting pioneer Dr. Neil Bander and licensed from Cornell University, is led by oncologist Dr. Philip Kantoff.
Aera Therapeutics
Aera Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotech founded on a discovery from CRISPR pioneer Feng Zhang: human proteins that can self-assemble into capsid-like shells and ferry genetic cargo into cells. The company is building delivery platforms - protein nanoparticles, targeted lipid nanoparticles, and antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates - to solve the field's most stubborn problem: getting genetic medicines to the right tissue. Launched publicly in 2023 with $193M and led by Alnylam veteran Akin Akinc, Aera is betting that delivery, not the drug itself, is the bottleneck holding back the next generation of genetic medicine.
Concerto Biosciences
Concerto Biosciences is a Cambridge, Massachusetts microbiome company that turns microbial ecology into health products. Its patented kChip platform screens millions of microbial interactions in nanoliter droplets to discover 'ensembles' - small, defined groups of microbes that work together to shepherd a damaged microbial community back to health. The company's lead program, ENS-002, is a topical live biotherapeutic for atopic dermatitis that suppresses Staphylococcus aureus without nuking the skin's helpful microbes. Founded in 2020 by scientists out of MIT and the Broad Institute, Concerto pairs ultra-high-throughput biology with AI to make microbial communities predictable and engineerable.
Delphia Therapeutics
Delphia Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotech pioneering a new field of cancer biology it calls activation lethality - the idea that cancer cells with oncogenic mutations live dangerously close to the upper limit of how much pathway activity they can tolerate, and can be pushed past it. Rather than blocking cancer signals like most drugs, Delphia designs targeted activators that overload cancer's stress pathways until the cell dies, aiming for durable benefit and a way around drug resistance. Founded in 2024 by Kevin Marks, Bill Sellers and Mike Dillon, it launched with a $67 million Series A led by GV, Nextech Invest, Polaris Innovation Fund and Alexandria Venture Investments.
eGenesis
eGenesis is a Cambridge, Massachusetts clinical-stage biotechnology company using multiplex CRISPR gene editing to engineer pig organs that the human body will accept. Its EGEN platform makes dozens of edits to a porcine genome at once - removing pig antigens, adding human genes, and inactivating embedded retroviruses - to create kidneys, livers, and hearts intended to ease the global organ shortage. In 2024 its lead candidate became the basis of the world's first gene-edited pig kidney transplant in a living patient, and in 2025 the FDA cleared it for a formal clinical trial.
HelixNano
HelixNano is a Cambridge/Boston-based biotechnology company building what it calls the world's most advanced mRNA platform - combining synthetic biology and machine learning to make vaccines and therapies that augment the immune system. Founded in 2014 by sci-fi novelist and mathematician Hannu Rajaniemi and synthetic biologist Nikolai Eroshenko, the Y Combinator-backed startup has pursued variant-resistant COVID-19 vaccine candidates and machine-learning-designed personalized cancer vaccines built on 'precision neoantigens'.
Larkspur Biosciences
Larkspur Biosciences is a Cambridge, Massachusetts precision-oncology company building first-in-class small molecule protein degraders that attack cancer cells where they are most vulnerable. Using its machine-learning-enabled LarkX platform to pinpoint 'cancer cell fitness' genes, Larkspur designs drugs that trigger tumor-intrinsic cell death and disrupt how cancers hide from the immune system. Its lead candidate, LRK-4189, degrades the lipid kinase PIP4K2C and entered first-in-human Phase 1 testing in December 2025 for microsatellite stable colorectal cancer.
Marengo Therapeutics
Marengo Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts clinical-stage biotech reprogramming the immune system from the inside out. Instead of releasing the brakes on T cells the way checkpoint inhibitors do, Marengo's STAR (Selective T Cell Activation Repertoire) platform builds antibody-fusion molecules that target variable regions of the T cell receptor (Vβ) to selectively wake up the specific subsets of T cells that can attack tumors - and remember them. Launched in 2021 with $80M from Apple Tree Partners, its lead drug invikafusp alfa (STAR0602) is in Phase 1/2 trials, has earned FDA Fast Track designation, and is being studied across cancers that no longer respond to PD-1 therapy.
MOMA Therapeutics
MOMA Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotech building precision small-molecule medicines against 'molecular machines' - the highly dynamic, shape-shifting enzymes (ATPases, GTPases and related proteins) that power cellular processes and underlie cancer and other diseases. Spun out of Third Rock Ventures in 2020 by four academic leaders in protein biophysics and structural biology, MOMA's proprietary KNOMATIC platform fuses deep structural insight, advanced hit-finding (fragment and DNA-encoded library screening) and machine-learning-driven lead optimization to drug targets long considered intractable. The company has raised about $236M, advanced its first oncology program into the clinic, and partnered with Roche and Bayer.
NeoPhore Ltd
NeoPhore is a UK small-molecule immuno-oncology company developing first-in-class inhibitors of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway. By temporarily switching off MMR, its drugs are designed to make tumours generate fresh neoantigens, become visible to the immune system, and respond to checkpoint immunotherapy - extending the benefit of drugs like Keytruda to patients whose cancers are otherwise immune-cold. A 2017 spin-out of Cambridge's PhoreMost, NeoPhore has raised roughly $47M and counts Bristol Myers Squibb and Memorial Sloan Kettering among its backers and collaborators.
Nested Therapeutics
Nested Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts clinical-stage biotech building small-molecule precision oncology drugs that go after cancer driver mutations long written off as undruggable. Founded in 2021 and launched publicly in 2022 with $125M, the company pairs structural biology, computational biophysics and chemistry to find hidden, druggable pockets in cancer's most stubborn targets. Its lead program, NST-628, is a brain-penetrant pan-RAF/MEK molecular glue for RAS/MAPK-driven solid tumors, now in Phase 1 with early clinical activity reported at AACR 2026.
Novilla Pharmaceuticals
Novilla Pharmaceuticals is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotech using a proprietary AI drug-delivery platform to redesign how established drugs reach the body. By pairing chemical-thermodynamic machine learning with deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids, Novilla formulates non-invasive transdermal creams that concentrate a drug at its site of action while minimizing systemic exposure. Its lead candidate, NOV-1776 for gout flares, reported a 212% increase in efficacy over standard of care with under 1% systemic exposure and no GI adverse events in early human trials, positioning the company as a non-addictive alternative in pain care.
SURGE Therapeutics
SURGE Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts clinical-stage biotech building intraoperative immunotherapy: a biodegradable, injectable hydrogel (SURGERx) placed directly into the surgical wound at the moment a tumor is removed. The goal is to turn the body's post-surgical inflammation from immunosuppressive to immunostimulatory and stop residual cancer cells from seeding recurrence and metastasis. Founded on research from Harvard Medical School and led by founder-CEO Michael Goldberg, Ph.D., the company has raised about $58M and is advancing its lead candidate SRG-514 toward a registrational trial in triple-negative breast cancer.
Vesalius Therapeutics
Vesalius Therapeutics is a Cambridge, Massachusetts biotech founded by Flagship Pioneering that aims to reconceptualize how common diseases are understood and treated. Its premise: illnesses that drive roughly 90% of human disease burden are not single conditions but constellations of genetically and biologically distinct diseases. Vesalius uses AI, human genetics and genomics, and patient-derived iPSC cell models to spot hidden clinical patterns, trace them to causal gene circuits, and discover novel drug targets for conditions like Parkinson's, heart failure, type 2 diabetes, and Alzheimer's.