Esperanto built a low-power RISC-V processor for AI, then a whole server and software stack to make it useful. In 2025 the company closed; the architecture found another home.
Lightmatter is building a photonic supercomputer. The Mountain View company uses light, not electrons, to move data between AI chips - tackling the bandwidth and energy wall that's about to crash into the next generation of data centers. Its Passage interconnect and Envise processor aim to connect millions of chips at the speed of light.