deep-brain-stimulation
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AiM Medical Robotics
AiM Medical Robotics is a Worcester, Massachusetts medical device company building a portable, MRI-compatible surgical robot that lets neurosurgeons operate under continuous, real-time MRI guidance. Spun out of Gregory Fischer's Automation and Interventional Medicine (AIM) lab at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, the platform aims to make procedures such as deep brain stimulation lead placement, biopsy, tumor ablation and targeted drug delivery faster, more precise and less variable - reducing procedure time by up to 50% and expanding access to advanced neurosurgical care.
Enspire DBS Therapy, Inc.
Enspire DBS Therapy is a Cleveland-based, clinical-stage medical device company commercializing deep brain stimulation (DBS) paired with physical rehabilitation to restore arm and hand function in people living with chronic impairment after a stroke. Spun out of Cleveland Clinic in 2010, the company builds on more than a decade of research targeting the brain's dentate nucleus to re-establish neurological input during rehab. Its DBS-plus-rehab approach showed encouraging results in the first-in-human EDEN trial published in Nature Medicine, and Enspire is now running RESTORE, a multicenter pivotal study aimed at FDA marketing authorization.
Gregory Fischer
Gregory Fischer is the co-founder and CEO of AiM Medical Robotics, a Worcester, Massachusetts company building a portable, MRI-compatible surgical robot for neurosurgery. A robotics engineer with a PhD from Johns Hopkins, Fischer spent nearly two decades as a professor at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, where he directed the Automation and Interventional Medicine (AIM) Robotics Lab and founded the PracticePoint medtech R&D center. He turned his NIH-funded research into a company aiming to bring real-time image guidance and submillimeter robotic precision into the operating room, with a first-in-human clinical study on the horizon after a $8.1 million Series A in 2025.
Nudge
Nudge is a San Francisco neurotechnology company building non-invasive, whole-brain interfaces powered by focused ultrasound. Founded in 2024 by Coinbase co-founder Fred Ehrsam alongside Jeremy Barenholtz and Quintin Frerichs, the company aims to stimulate and image deep brain circuits with millimeter precision - no surgery required. Its first human-ready system, Nudge Zero, is being used in research studies today, with a long-term goal of a headphone-like consumer device that lets people shift their brain state - sleep, focus, mood, habits - at the press of a button. Nudge raised a $100M Series A in July 2025 led by Thrive Capital and Greenoaks.
Scott Kokones
Scott Kokones is co-founder and CEO of Enspire DBS Therapy, a Cleveland Clinic portfolio company building an implantable deep brain stimulation system paired with physical rehab to restore arm function in stroke survivors. He is running the RESTORE pivotal trial after the EDEN proof-of-concept study, having raised $27.9M total including a $17.6M Series B in 2023 and a $10.3M Series B1 in January 2026. Alongside Enspire he is a general partner at Guide Medical Ventures and a co-founder of Qr8 Health and CardioSolv Ablation Technologies. His earlier career runs through Intelect Medical, Boston Scientific, Enpath Medical, and Medtronic.
Attune Neurosciences, Inc.
Attune Neurosciences is a San Francisco-based, clinical-stage medical device company building what it calls the first wearable, non-invasive focused-ultrasound system for deep brain therapy. Its investigational headband, ATTN201, uses low-intensity transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) to reach precise deep-brain targets - like the central medial thalamus - while recording EEG and head movement, aiming to treat sleep and wake disorders, depression, addiction recovery, and other neurological and psychiatric conditions without drugs or surgery.
NeuroBionics
NeuroBionics is a Boston-area neurotechnology company spun out of more than a decade of MIT research. It builds hair-thin, flexible bioelectronic fibers that reach neural targets through the body's blood vessels instead of open surgery. Its lead device, evStim, aims to deliver deep brain and peripheral nerve stimulation endovascularly, potentially widening access to neuromodulation therapy for conditions like Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, chronic pain, and depression.
MJ Antonini
MJ Antonini is the co-founder and CEO of NeuroBionics, an MIT spinout building hair-thin, flexible bioelectronic fibers that thread through blood vessels to reach deep neural structures - delivering deep brain stimulation without opening the skull. A Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology graduate who trained in both medicine and engineering, he turned a decade of fiber research from Polina Anikeeva's MIT lab into a venture-backed company that raised an oversubscribed $10M seed round to push toward first-in-human trials.